教宗接見教義部全體委員指出:教會的訓導在培育基督信徒和非基督信徒的良知

15/01/2010
(梵蒂岡電臺訊)教宗本篤十六世元月十五日接見正在梵蒂岡舉行大會的聖座教義部全體委員,並向他們發表重要講話,指出教會的訓導貢獻給所有的人,包括基督信徒和非基督信徒,目的在按照自然道德律培養他們的良知,而自然道德律並非基督信仰的專有物,雖然它在基督信仰内得到圓滿的闡述與發揮。

教宗本篤十六世在先教宗若望保祿二世時期曾任教義部長二十四年之久,對聖座這個部門的運作和使命瞭若指掌。他這篇講話觸及多個重要議題,首先指出:伯多祿的繼承人是基督信仰的第一位守護者和維護者。然而,教會願意對每個人的良知培育有所貢獻,而不只是對基督信徒而已。他說身為教宗,首先必須為教會的合一效命,而作爲羅馬的主教,他必須服從信德,好使基督真理繼續不斷地為每個人發放光明。

教宗清楚強調:“堅固弟兄的信德,使他們在宣認死而復活的基督這個信仰上保持合一,這乃是坐在伯多祿宗徒位置上的人的首要和基本任務,這個任務是耶穌基督交付給他的,因此他不能違背,而教會傳播福音直到世界窮盡的工作效力全有賴於此”。

談到這裡,教宗指出最近與教義部有密切關係的兩大事件,一個是《聖庇護十世兄弟會》的問題,一個是聖公會的問題。關於前者,教宗祝望該兄弟會克服至今仍然存在的教義問題,早日與教會共融。至於聖公會的問題,教宗對教義部努力協助聖公會部分團體和信友與天主教會達致圓滿共融的努力表示欣慰和嘉許。他說:“這些團體忠誠服膺來自基督、並由教會訓導提出的真理,一點也不違反基督信徒合一運動。相反地,它顯示這個運動最終的目標乃是使上主所有的門徒都能達致圓滿和有形可見的共融”。

教宗的講話也提到生物倫理方面的問題,他說聖座教義部在各方面,特別是在二零零八年公佈的《人的尊嚴》訓令,目的都在為生物倫理界做出貢獻。在這非常重要又很具時代需要的問題上,例如人類生育和人爲操控胚胎問題,這道訓令強調必須尊重人每個階段的生命。教宗尤其表示:“教會訓導如此主張,旨在不但為基督信徒,也為所有尋找真理並願意聆聽信仰和理性的人的良知培育做出貢獻。教會對人類生命的生物醫學研究提出倫理道德判斷時,是基於信仰和理性兩方面的理由,因爲教會相信一切合乎人性的事物,不但獲得信仰的接納和尊重,也受到信仰的淨化、推舉和美化”。

今天的社會有不少觀念,以爲天主教信仰對自由和科學研究是一種阻礙,不了解事實的客觀性。對這種觀念教宗說:“面對這種企圖以脆弱並容易受到控制的大衆認同來取代真理的態度,基督信仰所提出的則是倫理哲學真理上的貢獻。在這樣道德觀點中,人類理性能夠尋找到有效的解決問題的途徑”。

最後教宗說:“基督信仰啓示的一些特定内容對生物倫理問題具有光照作用。這些銘刻在人心中的特定内容,例如自然道德律,都是理性可以認識了解的,即使不是基督信徒,同樣能夠接納”。

一言為定 (2010年1月19日)

「人子也是安息日的主。」(谷2:28)

聖奧斯定以耶穌所說:「凡勞苦和負重擔的,你們都到我跟前來,我要使你們安息。」(瑪11:28) 來解釋新約所要求的安息,來代替舊約所要求形體方面的休息。

聖多瑪斯也說:「安息日是指因耶穌所賜與我們心靈上的安息。」(參閱思高聖經辭典no.499)

可見在教父的教導中,真正的『安息』在乎生活在基督之內。

耶穌升天後,聖教會初興時,猶太信友似乎仍照猶太人習慣守安息日。在宗徒會議後,已以一週的第一天稱為主日,為紀念救主基督的復活。

基督徒的生活便是以基督為核心。

聖伯多祿在羅馬的監獄中,寫信給他的信友們:「你們要全力奮勉,在你們的信仰上還要加毅力,在毅力上加知識, 在知識上加節制,在節制上加忍耐,在忍耐上加虔敬, 在虔敬上加兄弟的友愛,在兄弟的友愛上加愛德。」(伯後1:5-7) 「這樣你們便更有把握,進入我們的主和救主耶穌基督永遠的國。」(伯後1:11)

我們真正的安息便是活於基督的光及愛火中。

「主,離開了你,我們何去何從?你不單是安息日的主,也是我們的主。」

梁達材神父

神父講道 – 常年期第二週 (週一) (2010年1月18日)

恭讀聖馬爾谷福音 2:18-22

當時,若翰的門徒和法利塞人正在禁食。有人來向耶穌說:「為什麼若翰的門徒和法利塞人的門徒禁食,而你的門徒卻不禁食呢?」耶穌對他們說:「伴郎豈能在新郎還與他們在一起的時候禁食?他們與新郎在一起的時候,決不能禁食。但日子將要來到:當新郎從他們中被劫去時,在那一天,他們就要禁食了。沒有人將未漂過的布補在舊衣服上的;不然,補上的那塊新布要扯裂了舊的,破綻就更加壞了。也沒有人把新酒裝在舊皮囊裏的;不然,酒漲破了皮囊,酒和皮囊都喪失了;而是新酒應裝在新皮囊裏。」

—基督的福音。

(2nd Week in Ordinary Time – Monday)

A Reading from the Holy Gospel according to Mark 2:18-22

18 Now John’s disciples and the Pharisees were fasting; and people came and said to him, “Why do John’s disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but your disciples do not fast?” 19 And Jesus said to them, “Can the wedding guests fast while the bridegroom is with them? As long as they have the bridegroom with them, they cannot fast. 20 The days will come, when the bridegroom is taken away from them, and then they will fast in that day. 21 No one sews a piece of unshrunk cloth on an old garment; if he does, the patch tears away from it, the new from the old, and a worse tear is made. 22 And no one puts new wine into old wineskins; if he does, the wine will burst the skins, and the wine is lost, and so are the skins; but new wine is for fresh skins.”

—The Gospel of the Lord.

往神父講道目錄

Daily Thoughts for the Year for Priests (January 18)

18 January
Disarm

I have to disarm
I have fought this war. For many years.
It was terrible. But now I am disarmed.

I fear nothing,
because “love chases out fear”
I am disarmed from the will to win,
And justifying myself at the expense of others

I am no longer on guard,
jealously holding on to my wealth.
I welcome and share. I am not especially attached to my ideas or projects.

If others have better things to propose,
I accept them willingly…
Whatever is good, true, real, wherever it is,
It is always better for me.

So I am no longer afraid.
When you have nothing
You are not afraid any more

“Who can separate us from the love of Christ?”…
If we disarm, I we divest ourselves of everything,
If we open ourselves to the God-man
Who renews all things,
Then he will wipe out our wicked past
And restore to us a new era where everything is possible.

Ecumenical Patriarch Ahenagoras I

Atenagora Chiesa ortodossa e futuro ecumenico
Morcelliana, Brescia 1995, pp. 209-211

(published by the Priestly Branch of the Focolare Movement)

1月18日
放下自我

必须放下自己。
年复一年,我已苦战良久。
但是,如今我已经放下了自己。
我不再害怕什么,因为“爱驱逐恐惧”。
我放下了取胜的欲望,
也不以别人做代价来证明自我。
我不再吝啬地守护着我的财富,
白白接受的,白白分施。
不固守己见和追求。
如果他人的见解更高明,我喜乐地接受。……
无论何处,凡是美善的,真实的,对我而言,都是更佳选择。
所以,我不再恐惧。
谁若完全空虚自我,就一无所惧。
“有谁能使我们与基督的爱隔绝?”……
如果我们放下自己,空虚自我,向那更新万物的天主子开放;
那么,他就会除去败坏的过去,重新赐给我们一个新时代,在那里,一切都是可能的。

阿特那哥拉一世 宗主教
(Patriarca ecumenico Atenagora I)

阿特那哥拉东正教和大公合一的未来
(Atenagora Chiesa ortodossa e futuro ecumenico)
Morcelliana,布雷西亚1995,209-211页

一言為定 (2010年1月18日)

「新酒應裝在新皮囊裏。」(谷2:22)

『新酒』指新約的精神。

除非我們真的洗心革面,否則新約的精神很難活存於我們之內。

以下是聖保祿宗徒對『舊我』的反省:
「所以不要讓罪惡在你們必死的身體上為王, 致令你們順從它的情慾, 也不要把你們的肢體交與罪惡,作不義的武器;但該將你們自己獻於天主,有如從死者中復活的人,將你們的肢體獻於天主, 當作正義的武器: 罪惡不應再統治你們,因為你們已不在法律權下,而是在恩寵權下。」(羅6:12-14)

「為此我說,且在主內苦勸你們,生活不要再像外邦人,順隨自己的虛妄思念而生活; 他們的理智受了蒙蔽,因著他們的無知和固執,與天主的生命隔絕了。這樣的人既已麻木, 便縱情恣慾,貪行各種不潔。
但你們卻不是這樣學了基督。如果你們真聽過祂,按照在耶穌內的真理,在祂內受過教, 就該脫去你們照從前生活的舊人, 就是因順從享樂的慾念而敗壞的舊人, 應在心思念慮上改換一新,穿上新人,就是按照天主的肖像所造,具有真實的正義和聖善的新人。 」(弗4:17-23)

「所以誰若在基督內,他就是一個新受造物,舊的已成過去,看,都成了新的。」(格後5:17)

簡言之,要達到『新我』的境界,是要不斷與罪惡抗衡,而且要不斷從新開始。不過,我們不要害怕,因為基督已戰勝了這個世界。

梁達材神父

主日講道 – 常年期第二主日 (2010年1月17日)

聖安當院長

恭讀聖若望福音 2:1-12

第三天,在加里肋亞加納有婚宴,耶穌的母親也在那裡;耶穌和祂的門徒也被請去赴婚宴。酒不夠了,耶穌的母親向祂說:「他們沒有酒了。」耶穌回答說:「女人,這於我和妳有什麼關係?我的時刻尚未來到。」祂的母親給僕役說:「祂無論吩咐你們什麼,你們就做什麼。」在那裡放著六口石缸,是為猶太人取潔禮用的;每口可容納兩三桶水。耶穌向僕役說:「你們把缸灌滿水罷!」他們就灌滿了,直到缸口。然後,耶穌給他們說:「現在你們舀出來,送給司席!」他們便送去了。司席一嘗已變成酒的水——他並不知道是從那裡來的,舀水的僕役卻知道──司席便叫了新郎來,向他說:「人人都先擺上好酒,當客人都喝夠了,纔擺上次等的;你卻把好酒保留到現在。」這是耶穌所行的第一個神蹟,是在加里肋亞加納行的;祂顯示了自己的光榮,祂的門徒就信從了祂。此後,祂和祂的母親、弟兄及門徒,下到葛法翁,在那裡住了幾天。

—基督的福音。

(2nd Sunday in Ordinary Time)

A Reading from the Holy Gospel according to John 2:1-12

1 On the third day there was a marriage at Cana in Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there; 2 Jesus also was invited to the marriage, with his disciples. 3 When the wine failed, the mother of Jesus said to him, “They have no wine.” 4 And Jesus said to her, “O woman, what have you to do with me? My hour has not yet come.” 5 His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever he tells you.” 6 Now six stone jars were standing there, for the Jewish rites of purification, each holding twenty or thirty gallons. 7 Jesus said to them, “Fill the jars with water.” And they filled them up to the brim. 8 He said to them, “Now draw some out, and take it to the steward of the feast.” So they took it. 9 When the steward of the feast tasted the water now become wine, and did not know where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the water knew), the steward of the feast called the bridegroom 10 and said to him, “Every man serves the good wine first; and when men have drunk freely, then the poor wine; but you have kept the good wine until now.” 11 This, the first of his signs, Jesus did at Cana in Galilee, and manifested his glory; and his disciples believed in him. 12 After this he went down to Caper’na-um, with his mother and his brothers and his disciples; and there they stayed for a few days.

—The Gospel of the Lord.

往神父講道目錄

Homily – Feast of Sto Nino (Jan 17, 2010)

(The Philippino people is celebrating the Feast of Sto Nino.)

A Reading from the Holy Gospel according to Luke 2:41-52

41 Each year his parents went to Jerusalem for the feast of Passover, 42 and when he was twelve years old, they went up according to festival custom. 43 After they had completed its days, as they were returning, the boy Jesus remained behind in Jerusalem, but his parents did not know it. 44 Thinking that he was in the caravan, they journeyed for a day and looked for him among their relatives and acquaintances, 45 but not finding him, they returned to Jerusalem to look for him. 46 After three days they found him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the teachers, listening to them and asking them questions, 47 and all who heard him were astounded at his understanding and his answers. 48 When his parents saw him, they were astonished, and his mother said to him, “Son, why have you done this to us? Your father and I have been looking for you with great anxiety.” 49 And he said to them, “Why were you looking for me? Did you not know that I must be in my Father’s house?” 50 But they did not understand what he said to them. 51 He went down with them and came to Nazareth, and was obedient to them; and his mother kept all these things in her heart. 52 And Jesus advanced (in) wisdom and age and favor before God and man.

—The Gospel of the Lord.

恭讀聖路加福音 2:41-52

耶穌的父母每年逾越節往耶路撒冷去。衪到了十二歲時,他們又照節日的慣例上去了。過完了節日,他們回去的時候,孩童耶穌卻留在耶路撒冷,衪的父母並未發覺。他們只以為衪在同行的人中間,遂走了一天的路程;以後就在親戚和相識的人中尋找衪。既找不著,便折回耶路撒冷找衪。過了三天,才在聖殿裏找到了衪。衪正坐在經師中,聆聽他們,也詢問他們。凡聽見衪的人,對衪的智慧和對答,都驚奇不止。他們一看見衪,便大為驚異,衪的母親就向衪說:「孩子,為什麼你這樣對待我們? 看,你的父親和我,一直痛苦的找你。」耶穌對他們說:「你們為什麼找我? 你們不知道我必須在我父親那裡嗎?」但是,他們不明白衪對他們所說的話。衪就同他們下去,來到納匝肋,屬他們管轄。衪的母親把一切默存在心中。耶穌在智慧和身量上,並在天主和人前的恩愛上,漸漸地增長。

—基督的福音。

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